华尔街日报精选•英语丨走出阅读理解的“密室”，刍议英语阅读解题策略

er, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi. 23.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?

A. It gets noisy at night.

B. Its staff is too talkative.

C. It charges for Wi-Fi.

D. It’s inconveniently located.

【求解】将所撰脱关键字词“disadvantage（解释涵义的字词）”与中曾的尾句“However（往后字词）, you need to pay 2 euros aday for Wi-Fi.”进行时比对推知，Wi-Fi 分段是该沙发的缺点，故恰当作答为 C 项。在解所撰每一次中的，区别于显性特性的往后字词和解释涵义的字词在接收者上的契合可鼓励笔试愈来愈快挑选出恰当作答。

【事例 2】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner.“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.

【求解】配置文件 A“Read music.”与中曾的尾句“I’m not a trained musician, but（往后字词）I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”中的的“read music”分属同字词复现，故恰当作答为 A 项。往后字词后的接收者总括确实埋藏着所撰目的恰当作答，应该认真解读。

2. 上声及解释涵义的字词

解释分别为显性解释、隐性解释和解释年词根等。就其频率较高的显性上声有 no，not，never，nor，none，neither等；隐性上声有 little, few, hardly, rarely, scarcely, far from, independent of 等；解释年词根有 ab-, de-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, un-等。探究罕见的上声可以鼓励笔试能够地探究原意和愈来愈精确地见到考点。

【事例3】When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.

29.What does the underlined word“decimate”mean in the first paragraph?

A. Acquire.

B. Export.

C. Destroy.

D. Distribute.

【求解】此所撰分属字词义臆测所撰，年前一句引用了美洲印地安人对这些可贵的能源进行时了明智的保障。但unfortunately（解释涵义的字词）话锋一转，描述了一番与年前句截然不同的景象，即一个大资源被摧毁，故恰当作答为 C 项。所撰脱中的“decimate”虽全都考纲字用法之列于，但同学可通过年词根 de- 大体据信其含义，de- 可备注示“解释，非，也就是说”的意思，也分属笔者所解读的上声，与配置文件C“Destroy”契合。因此，本所撰是借助解释涵义的字词来据信解释涵义的字词的含义，上声或解释涵义的字词的最重要性显现出。以下 [ 事例 5] 的 34 所撰反之亦然，B、C、D 项均为解释涵义的字词，分别为为 intolerant, doubtful 和 unclear，在原意中的能够见到给定接收者则为恰当作答，找不到即为抑制配置文件。

3. 形容字词高于级 / 及物动词

形容字词多备注示人或想像的连续性、状态、特性或属性，当需对两者及两者以上的人或想像进行时比较或突出某一想像的某种特性时，常常加进形容字词的及物动词或高于级。代课应该随时随地同学在书本每一次中的瞩目形容字词的及物动词和高于级，这有助于其明白撰文所描述的融为一体的连续性或特性。

【事例 4】“My husband is the worst page turner,”she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say,‘Turn, turn!’”“Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”

27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband“the worst page turner”?

A. He has very poor eyesight.

B. He ignores the audience.

C. He has no interest in music.

D. He forgets to do his job.

【求解】根据所撰脱关键字词“the worst page turner（形容字词高于级）”可出发点到撰文末段，细读推知本段后两句是对第三段的解释话说明，分属“先话说结果，后析原因”，Ms Raspopova’s husband 因忘掉滚乐谱亦称“the worst page turner”，故恰当作答为 D 项。

【事例 5】Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.34. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.

【求解】根据所撰脱关键字词“popularization of emotional intelligence”可出发点至第三段第三段，由“...the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial（形容字词及物动词） than harmful”推知，写作者认为情商的盛行利大于弊，即写作者持附和消总括态度，故恰当作答为 A 项。22、25 所撰反之亦然，这三道所撰突显了形容字词及物动词和高于级在解所撰时的最重要辅助作用。

三、解读配置文件“招数”，实在见招拆招

书本探究的四个配置文件由一个恰当配置文件和三个出错配置文件看成，明白出错配置文件的典改进型特性，须在书本中的见招拆招，不为所惑。研究成果录取印度语试所撰推知，出错配置文件主要有四类特性：无中的生有、移花接木、混淆是非和高估似乎。无中的生有常指配置文件中的举事例来说原意中的没提及的接收者，给笔试解所撰造就抑制。笔试在书本每一次中的若脱离语篇不止，则确实掉入此类诡计。移花接木常指配置文件备注述虽与原意方面，却与所撰脱无关，是大部份同学最易犯的出错之一。混淆是非常指把恰当的话说成出错的，或把出错的话说成恰当的，多通过解释关联展现。圈画语篇和配置文件中的的上声可有效碰到这类诡计。高估似乎常指将事情的结果严重化时，多通过副字词，如 too，only too，extremely 展现。

【事例 6】Popularization has in some cases changed theoriginal meaning of emotional ( 情感的 ) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”.

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

【求解】A项中的的“It can be measured”与原意中的的“that cannot be measured”备注述也就是说，分属“混淆是非”，B 项中曾的没提及，分属“无中的生有”，C 项备注述出现在原意第二段中的，与所撰脱无关，分属“移花接木”，故恰当作答为D 项。另外，根据所撰脱关键字词 misunderstanding（解释涵义的字词）出发点至原意首段，解读推知：许多人误以为情商是人一系列于好的效能，还包括性格、积总括性、热忱、眼光、乐观等，且原意中的的“desirable”与 D 项中的的“positive”为同义替换成，由此可没确定恰当作答为 D 项。

由此可见，书本探究抑制项的所设是有章可循的，若笔试驾驭了抑制项的罕见特点，就能够比对配置文件的出错接收者点，提高解所撰生产成本和精确率。

综上，撰文、所撰脱和配置文件联合看成了零碎的印度语书本探究所撰。笔试在解所撰每一次中的，唯有明白所撰脱关键字词、剖析原意重构和辨识配置文件特性，才能成功踏出印度语书本探究的房间内，视为参加考试上的赢家。

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